Zhang yimou, one of the representatives of China's "fifth generation of directors". Photographer by training, actor by training, actor by training, director by training, director by training, director by training, director by training, director by training, director by training, director by training, director by training, director by training, director by training, director by training, director by training, director by training, director by training, director by training, director by training, director by training. Since 2002, he has directed commercial films, which have broken the box office record of Chinese films for many times and won the annual box office champion of Chinese films. In 2008, he served as the chief director of the opening and closing ceremonies of the Beijing Olympic Games and nominated time magazine's person of the year.
Zhang yimou was born in 1950 to an intellectual family in xi 'an, shaanxi province. As a result of father one's previous experience is bad, he suffers each party to suppress since childhood, nurturance introversion, reticent disposition. After graduating from junior high school, he worked in the shaanxi countryside, then went to the cotton mill as a worker, transferred to the union to do publicity work, let his photography talent and talent budding.
In 1978, the Beijing film academy began enrolling the first batch of post-cultural revolution undergraduates, including photography majors. Zhang yimou knew this was his chance to change his life, but he was already over the age of 28. So he gave up his registration in xi 'an and headed to Beijing with the album. The professor turned him down because of his age, though he was full of praise for his work. Zhang refused to give up, and his album was finally approved by the minister of culture after many twists and turns.
In 1984, zhang yimou film "the one and eight," as a photographer, it is a landmark in the history of the cinema film in China, with its bold composition and unique lens design won the China excellent film photography, is listed as "fifth generation" filmmakers first work, from form to content, and in the guide, is taken, the United States than in the past in such aspects as the generation of film has a big breakthrough. Zhang yimou as one of the film's photography, began to receive the attention of the film industry.From then on, he began to realize the trilogy of film creation, from photographer to actor and finally to director.
In the following two years, zhang yimou began to work as a photographer independently, winning many awards at home and abroad, and stepping into the ranks of front-line photographers. In 1986, he starred in the old well directed by wu tianming, and won the golden rooster award, hundred flowers award and three best actor trophies at the Tokyo international film festival for his rustic and accurate performance, becoming the first best actor winner at the a-level international film festival in China.
In 1987, he directed his first film red sorghum, which was praised for its strong color and bold and unrestrained style, showing the life, death, love and hatred of ordinary Chinese people during the Anti-Japanese War. The film won more than 10 awards including golden rooster award, hundred flowers award and golden bear award of Berlin film festival. In the movie, "sister, go ahead boldly" has also become a brand of The Times.
1987 to 1999 directed "red sorghum", "ju dou", "raise the red lantern", "qiuju lawsuit", "alive", "not a little", "my father and mother". Transformation after 2002's commercial movie "hero", "house of flying daggers" and "curse of the golden flower" and "jinling thirteen women" shadow ".
In 2002, zhang yimou transformed himself into a commercial director, and the film hero grossed $177 million worldwide, setting a record for a Chinese film at the global box office. It topped the box office for two consecutive weeks when it was released in the United States, and was named the top ten best films in the world by time magazine in 2004. The influence of his works is regarded as a milestone in the era of Chinese blockbusters, which plays an important role in promoting the development of Chinese film industry.
Zhang yimou was the chief director of the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. He won the 2008 Chinese influence award and was named time's person of the year. To help promote the 2022 winter Olympics, he made his debut as the chief director of the ice variety show "the frozen king." He will also direct the "Beijing 8 minutes" handover ceremony at the pyeongchang 2018 winter Olympics closing ceremony.
从备受赞誉到争议不断，张艺谋到底经历了什么？
张艺谋，中国“第五代导演”代表人物之一。摄影师出身，当过演员，拿过影帝，1987年执导了首部作品《红高粱》，开始导演生涯，曾多次提名奥斯卡和金球奖。2002年后转型执导的商业片，多次刷新中国电影票房纪录、夺得年度华语片票房冠军。2008年担任北京奥运会开、闭幕式总导演，并提名《时代周刊》年度人物。
1950年，张艺谋出生在陕西西安的一个知识分子家庭。由于父亲出身不好，他从小就受到各方压抑，养成了内向、沉默寡言的性格。初中毕业后，他就在陕西农村插队劳动，后来又去了棉纺厂当工人，期间调入工会做宣传工作，让他的摄影天分和才华初露头角。
1978年，北京电影学院开始招收文革后第一批本科生，其中包括摄影专业。张艺谋知道这是改变命运的机会，但快要28岁的他已经超龄了。于是他放弃了西安报名点，带着影集直奔北京。尽管教授对他的作品赞不绝口，但还是因为年龄问题拒绝了他。张艺谋不肯放弃，他的影集几经辗转，最终得到了文化部长的认可，批示破格录取。
1984年，张艺谋在影片《一个和八个》中任摄影师，这是一部在中国电影史上具有划时代意义的影片，以其大胆的构图、独特的镜头设计获得了中国电影优秀摄影奖，被列为“第五代”电影人的第一部作品，从形式到内容以及在导、摄、美等方面都较以往各代的片子有大的突破。而张艺谋作为该片的摄影之一，开始受到电影界的注意。从此开始实现他电影创作的三部曲，由摄影师走向演员，最后走向导演生涯。
之后的两年，张艺谋开始独立担任摄影工作，获得国内外多个国内外奖项，跨入了一线摄影师的行列。1986年，他主演了吴天明导演的《老井》，凭借质朴、准确的表演获得了金鸡奖、百花奖和东京国际电影节三座影帝奖杯，成为中国第一位A级国际电影节影帝。
1987年他导演了自己的第一部电影《红高粱》，影片以浓烈的色彩、豪放的风格为人所称道，拍出了抗战时期中国普通老百姓的敢生、敢死、敢爱、敢恨。电影获得了金鸡奖、百花奖、柏林电影节金熊奖等10余个奖项。电影中那首《妹妹你大胆地往前走》也成为了一个时代的烙印。
1987年至1999年执导《红高粱》、《菊豆》、《大红灯笼高高挂》、《秋菊打官司》、《活着》、《一个都不能少》、《我的父亲母亲》。2002年后转型执导的商业片《英雄》、《十面埋伏》、《满城尽带黄金甲》及《金陵十三钗》《影》。
2002年，张艺谋转型执导的商业片，电影《英雄》全球票房1.77亿美元，创下中国电影全球票房最高纪录。在美国上映时蝉联了两周票房冠军，同时被《时代周刊》评为2004年度全球十大佳片第一名。其作品影响力被认为是中国电影大片时代的里程碑，对中国电影产业发展起到重要的推动作用。
张艺谋曾担任2008年北京奥运会开幕式和闭幕式总导演，获得2008影响世界华人大奖和央视主办的感动中国十大人物，并提名美国《时代周刊》年度人物。为了助力2022年冬奥会，他首次担任冰上综艺节目《跨界冰雪王》总导演。而且，2018年平昌冬奥会闭幕式交接仪式的“北京8分钟”也将由他担任总导演。
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