The term "Buddha" stands for a person who has freed himself from the delusions and miseries of everyday life and has discovered the nature of reality. The particular Buddha whose ideas we are to explore was born into the Sakya clan and was named Siddhattha Gotama. Gotama (Sanskrit is Gautama) came to see that life, for all its promise and hope, ended with dying and unavoidably contained irritation, disappointment, and loss. Rather than being overwhelmed and depressed by the suffering in life, Gotama set out to discover a solution to it.
The historical person whom we call the Buddha was a prince who was no more divine than any other human being. According to legend, an prophet told his parents that their child would be either a great king or a great spiritual leader. The prophet told him that if his son saw the four signs that often cause people to be reflective about the human condition (old age disease, death, and a wandering ascetic), he would retire from the worldly life. The king surrounded his son Gotama with luxury and gave orders that his son should not come in contact with any of the four signs, despite his father's best attempts to keep his son distracted by luxury, Gotama conspired with his charioteer to explore beyond the palace walls and, in the course of these excursions, came upon a very elderly person, an extremely ill person , ad a corpse. He came to realize that sickness, old age, and death were an inevitable part of human life. After he saw wandering ascetics who had retired from the worldly life to seek liberation, he made up his mind that he would do the same.
“佛”这个词是指一个人从日常生活的迷惑和痛苦中解脱出来，发现了现实的本质。我们要探究的佛陀诞生于释迦牟尼家族，名叫悉达多。释迦牟尼佛(梵语是乔达摩)认识到，虽然人生有憧憬和希望，但都难免以死而终，且充满了愤怒、失望和迷失等烦恼。释迦牟尼佛没有被生活中的苦难压垮和压抑，而是开始寻找解决之道。
我们称之为佛陀的历史人物是一位王子，他并不比任何人更神圣。根据传说，一位先知告诉他的父母，他们的孩子要么成为伟大的国王，要么成为伟大的精神领袖。先知告诉他，如果他的儿子看到这四个常常使人们反思人类状况(老年疾病、死亡和流浪苦行)的迹象，他就会从世俗生活中退出。国王与奢侈品包围他的儿子乔达摩,吩咐他的儿子不应该接触到任何的四个标志,尽管他父亲最好的尝试让他的儿子被奢侈,乔达摩伙同他的车夫在宫外产生的探索,在这些旅行,遇到一个老人,一个重病人,广告一具尸体。他逐渐认识到疾病、衰老和死亡是人类生活中不可避免的一部分。当他看到流浪的苦行僧已经从世俗生活中隐退出来寻求解脱时，他下定决心也要这样做。
Write an essay stating your opinions about the relation between sufferings and desires.
写一篇文章，陈述你对痛苦与欲望之间关系的看法。
极乐世界的本然面目
https://lanfeizi.wixsite.com/english-learning/blog/the-nature-of-elysium
The Four Noble Truths
Now this, monks, is the noble truth of suffering: birth is suffering, aging is suffering, death is suffering. sorrow. lamentation, pain, dejection, and despair are suffering; association with the disliked is suffering, separation from the loved is suffering, not to obtain what we desire is suffering, and the intense feelings and processes of mind and body are suffering.
And this, monks, is the noble truth of the origination of suffering: desire is the cause of suffering. All mortal beings who are overwhelmed with delusions seek sensual delight and satisfaction now here, now there.
All mortal beings can free themselves from the sufferings and vexations in the process of samsara. Cessation means renunciation, relinquishment, release, and letting…
Gotama told them he was not living luxuriously- was he not living the homeless life?They were still unbelieving, since his practice was not the strenuous asceticism to which they were accustomed.
So he began teaching them, what he taught that day in Deer Park at Benares has become the foundation of one of the oldest philosophical and religious traditions on earth.
The basic teachings of the Buddha point only to what can be experienced. The Buddha did not encourage beliefs in transcendental or metaphysical dogmas. He articulated no belief in a personal creator deity. The beginning and end of his teachings point to what each human being can experience. Throughout his life the Buddha emphasized direct realization by the individual.
Gotama again went off on his own. He determined he would sit under a tree until he had seen through delusion and solved the problem of suffering.
The Buddha saw anything he taught would go against the worldly stream because most people live pursuing what is pleasurable and avoiding what they take to be unpleasant. Part of the problem, too, was that the Buddha's deepest insights were incapable in principle of being fully conveyed in words. Nonetheless, the Buddha realized that there were beings with "little dust in their eyes" whom he might try to teach.
戈塔马又独自上路了。他决定坐在一棵树下，直到他看穿了错觉，解决了痛苦的问题。
佛陀看到他所传授的任何东西都将与世俗潮流背道而驰，因为大多数人生活在追求快乐的生活中，而回避他们认为不愉快的生活。部分问题也在于，佛陀最深刻的洞见原则上无法完全用语言表达出来。尽管如此，佛陀意识到，有一些“眼睛里含着尘埃”的众生，他可能会试图教导他们。