Instead of a formal education his father gave him a variety of novels along with the works of Plutarch, whose Parallel Lives, an extensive biography of great Greek and Roman figures, tries to elucidate the universal ideas of human greatness through formal comparisons of different individuals paired by similarities of deeds and strengths of character.
They sent him off to boarding school where "we were to learn all the insighnificant trash that has obtained the name of education," as he wrote in his Confessions. He objected so vehemently that they apprenticed him to an engraver, which he despised even more than boarding school, and so he ran away to France where he met an older noblewoman, who virtually adopted him and eventually became his lover.
Warens tried to have young Rousseau formally educated at various institutions. He converted from orthodox Calvinism to Catholicism.
他的父亲没有给他接受正规的教育，而是给他读了各种各样的小说和普鲁塔克的作品。普鲁塔克的《平行人生》是一本关于伟大的希腊和罗马人的著作的广泛的传记，试图通过对不同的个体的相似的行为和性格的结合来阐述人类的伟大的想法。
他在《忏悔录》中写道，他们把他送到寄宿学校，在那里“我们要学习所有那些被冠以教育之名的不起眼的垃圾”。他如此强烈地反对，以至于他们把他送到一个雕刻师那里当学徒，他甚至比寄宿学校更鄙视雕刻师，于是他逃到法国，在那里遇到了一个年长的贵妇人，她几乎收养了他，并最终成为他的情人。
华伦斯试图让年轻的卢梭在不同的机构接受正规教育。他从正统加尔文教改信天主教。
Write an essay stating your opinions as how to coordinate individual interest and public welfare.
写一篇关于如何协调个人利益和公共福利的文章。
https://lanfeizi.wixsite.com/english-learning/blog/how-to-coordinate-individual-interest-and-public-welfare
如何协调个人利益和公共福利
In Rousseau's view, the will of the political leader is the incarnation of the general will, which reflects the sum of the individual wills of all the citizens. Kant drew much inspiration from Rousseau, especially his claim that if each individual citizen was given enough information and the freedom to choose, all citizens would, independently of each other - since they are all directed to the same will to do the common good - arrive at the general will for the good of all humankind.
在卢梭看来，政治领袖的意志是公共意志的化身，是全体公民个人意志的总和。康德从卢梭那里得到了很多启发，尤其是他声称，如果每个公民都获得了足够的信息和选择的自由，那么所有的公民都将独立于其他公民，因为他们都有共同的意愿去为共同的利益服务，从而形成造福全人类的共同意愿。
In doing so, "each of us puts his persona and all his power in common under the supreme direction of the general will, and , in our corporate capacity, we receive each member as an indivisible part of a whole." Anyone who does not obey this "general will" may be forced to do so; hence Rousseau's famous contention that through the social contract man is "forced to be free". Thus Bertrand Russell calls Rousseau "the inventor of the political philosophy of pseudo-democratic dictatorships as opposed to traditional absolute monarchies. Ever since his time, those who considered themselves reformers have been divided into two groups, those who followed him and those who followed Locke. At the present time, Hitlter is an…
Although Rousseau is often regarded by some scholars as being an unsystematic and nonrigorous philosopher or thinker, and although many others regard his views as deeply inconsistent, his influence has been tremendous. He has been called the originator of the romantic movement, mainly because of the powerful appeal he made on behalf of the sensibility of the human heart. His assertions that human beings can realize their true nature only through society, along with the idea that the individual is under the complete domination and control of the sovereign; supposedly inspired the Hegelians with the idea of national spirit. Along similar lines, others have suggested that Rousseau made possible the suppression of freedom in the name of freedom through his…
The Social Contract, begins with the famous words, “Man is born free; and everywhere he is in chains”. and goes on to describe the transition from the original "state of nature", in which all human beings once lived, to the modern "civil state". Like all of Rousseau's other works, The Social Contract is critical not only of Christianity but also of rationality and philosophical skepticism. Subsequently, in the end the French authorities took offense and issued a warrant for his arrest.
Convince that his enemies were still out to get him, however, he apparently began to suffer from paranoia and accused even Hume of conspiring against him. The authorities, however, had by then apparently decided it was best to leav…