Zhouyi Sets Volume 13 周易集註卷十三 來知德繫辭上傳

Chapter One: Heavenly and Humbleness, Hardness and Softness 第一章：天尊地卑，剛柔相摩

欽定四庫全書

周易集註卷十三

明　來知德　撰

繫辭上傳

天尊地卑，乾坤定矣，卑高以陳，貴賤位矣，動靜有常，剛柔斷矣，方以類聚，物以羣分，吉凶生矣，在天成象，在地成形，變化見矣，

天地者陰陽形氣之實體也，乾坤者易中純陰純陽之卦名也，卑高者天地萬物上下之位，貴賤者易中*卦爻上下之位。動者陽之常，靜者陰之常。以天地論，天動地靜，男外而動，女內而靜。雄鳴而動，雌伏而靜也。剛柔者易中卦陰陽之稱也。斷，判斷，乃自然分判，非由人也。方者東南西北之四方也，方以類聚者，以天下言之，冀州之類與冀州相聚，荊州之類與荊州相聚是也。以職方言之，南方之類與南方相聚，北方之類與北方相聚是也。物者萬物也，群分者，角之群分別于毛，毛之群分別于羽，羽之群分別于裸是也。吉凶即善惡，以方言之，中土四邊有腹裏邊方之善惡，天下九州有君子小人之善惡。以物言之，牛馬則善，虎狼則惡，此皆陰陽淑慝之分也，故吉凶生矣。吉凶者，易中卦爻占決之辭也，此皆聖人仰觀俯察，列于兩間之可見者。故以一尊一卑，一卑一高，一動一靜，一類一羣，一形一象言之。前儒以方謂事情所向，恐不然矣。象者日月星辰之屬，形者山川動植之屬，兩間形象，其中有往有來，有隱有見，有榮有枯，有生有死，千變萬化。易中變化，則陰之極者變乎陽，陽之極者化乎陰也。

此一條言天地萬物，一對一待，易之象也。蓋未畫易之前，一部《易經》已列于兩間，故天尊地卑，未有易卦之乾坤，而乾坤已定矣。卑高以陳，未有易卦之貴賤，而貴賤已位矣。動靜有常，未有易卦之剛柔，而剛柔已斷矣。方以類聚，物以羣分，未有易卦之吉凶，而吉凶已生矣。在天成象，在地成形，未有易卦之變化，而變化已見矣。聖人之易，不過模寫其象數而已，非有心安排也。孔子因伏羲圓圖，陰陽一對一待，陰錯乎陽，陽錯乎陰，所以發此條。

* 「之卦名…易中」原文闕，依慈恩本補，

是故剛柔相摩，八卦相盪，鼓之以雷霆，潤之以風雨。日月運行，一寒一暑。乾道成男，坤道成女。乾知大始，坤作成物。

八卦以天地水火澤雷風八卦之象言，非乾坎艮震巽離坤兌也，若舊註以兩相摩而為四，四相摩而為八，則將下文日月男女說不通矣。八卦者剛柔之體，剛柔者八卦之性，總則剛柔，分成八卦。摩盪者，兩儀配對，氣通乎間，交感相摩盪也。惟兩間之氣，交感相摩盪，而後生育不窮。得陽氣之健者為男，得陰氣之順者為女，然成男雖屬乾道，而男女所受之氣皆乾以始之；成女雖屬坤道，而男女所生之形皆坤以成之。分之則乾男而坤女，合之則乾始而坤終，此造化一氣流行之妙，兩在不可測者也。知者知此事也，作者能此事也。蓋未成之物，無所造作，故言知；已成之物，曾經長養，故言作。言乾惟知始物，別無所知，坤惟能成物，別無所能，此所以易簡也。凡人之知，屬氣屬魂，凡人之能，屬形屬魄。故乾以知言，坤以能言也。大者完全之意，譬之生人，止天一生水也，而二之火為心，三之木為肝，四之金為肺，五之土為脾，一身之骸骨臟腑皆完全備具矣，蓋不惟始而大始也。

此一條言天地陰陽之流行，一施一受，易之氣也。言天地萬物，惟有此對待，故剛柔八卦，相為摩盪，于是鼓雷霆，潤風雨，日月寒暑，運行往來，形交氣感，男女于是乎生矣。故乾所知者惟始物，坤所能者惟成物。無乾之施，則不能成坤之終；無坤之受，則不能成乾之始。惟知以施之，能以受之，所以生育不窮。孔子因文王圓圖，帝出乎震，成言乎艮，又文王序卦，陰綜乎陽，陽綜乎陰，所以發此條。

乾以易知，坤以簡能。易則易知，簡則易從。易知則有親，易從則有功。有親則可久，有功則可大。可久則賢人之德，可大則賢人之業。易簡而天下之理得矣，天下之理得，而成位乎其中矣。

易知者，一氣所到，生物更無凝滯。此則造化之良知，無一毫之私者也，故知之易。簡能者，乃順承天，不自作為，此則造化之良能，無一毫之私者也，故能之簡。蓋乾始坤成者，乃天地之職司也，使為乾者用力之難，為坤者用力之煩，則天地亦勞矣。惟易乃造化之良知，故始物不難，惟簡乃造化之良能，故成物不煩也。人受天地之中以生，其性分之天理，為我良知良能者，本與天同其易，而乃險不可知，本與地同其簡，而乃阻不可從者，以其累于人欲之私耳。故易則易知，簡則易從，易知者我易知乎此無私之理也，易從者我易從乎此無私之理也，非人知人從也。下易字乃難易之易。

此一條，言人成位乎中也，言乾惟知大始，是乾以易知矣。坤惟能成物，是坤以簡能矣。人之所知如乾之易，則所知者皆性分之所固有，而無一毫人欲之艱深，豈不易知。人之所能，如坤之簡，則所能者，皆職分之所當為，而無一毫人欲之紛擾，豈不易從。易知則此理之具于吾心者，常洽浹親就，不相支離疎隔，故有親。易從則此理之踐于吾身者，常日積月累，無有作輟怠荒，故有功。有親則日新不已，是以可久。有功則富有盛大，是以可大。可久則賢人之德與天同其悠久矣。可大則賢人之業與地同其博大矣。夫以易簡而天下之理得，成賢人之德業，則是天有是易，吾之心亦有是易，地有是簡，吾之身亦有是簡，與天地參而為三矣。易中三才，成其六位者此也。理得成位，即致中和，天地位，萬物育之意。賢人即聖人，與天地並而為三，非聖人而何。

右第一章

此章天尊地卑一條，言天地對待之體。剛柔相摩一條，言天地流行之用。乾以易知一條，則言人成位乎天地之中。成位乎中，則天地之體用模寫于易者，神而明之，皆存乎其人矣。此三條，孔子原易之所由作，通未說到易上去。至第二章，設卦觀象方言易。

Chapter One: Heavenly and Humbleness, Hardness and Softness

The Fourth Book of Securites

Zhou Yi set note 13

Mingzhizhide

Coupling upload

Heavenly and earthly and lowly, heaven and earth dignified, humbled and high-ranked, noble and tittle, movements and events, hard and soft, broken and fragile, gathered in groups, divided into groups, with good intentions, in heaven, formed in the earth, and changed. ,

The heaven and earth are also entities of yin and yang-shaped gas. The universe is also the name of pure and pure Yangyang, which is the highest place in heaven and earth. The activist Yang often, static yin often. With heaven and earth, the sky is moving, the male moves and the female moves quietly. The male sings and moves, and the female volts and quiet also. The soft and easy person is also known as the yin and yang. Breaking, judging, is a natural sub-judgment, not by people. The northeastern and northeastern quadrant of the party is also a cluster of people, and in the world, the state of Zhangzhou and Quzhou are together, and Jingzhou and the like are clustered together in Jingzhou. In the official language, the South and the South are together and the North and the North are together. The object of all things, the group of people, the group of horns are in hair, and the group of hair is in feathers, and the group of feathers is in nakedness. Good and bad are good and evil. In a word, the four sides of China and Turkey have the good and the evil in the abdomen and the inside. There are gentlemen and villains in the world. In other words, cattle and horses are good, and tigers and wolves are evil. This is also the difference between yin and yang. The culprits, Yi Zhongyi’s decision-making resignation, all these saints are observing and observing, and they are listed among the two who are visible. Therefore, there is one humble and one humble, one humble, one humble, one static and one static, one group, one form and one likeness. Before the Confucianists claimed that they were doing things, they would not be embarrassed. Like the moon and stars of the elephant, the shape of the mountains and rivers is planted and belonged to the two images, which have past, there is hidden, there are glories, there is life and death, ever-changing. Changes in Yi, then the extreme changes in Yin Yang, the most extreme of yin.

This is a statement of heaven and earth. Before the painting was made, an "Book of Changes" has been listed in two places. Therefore, it is not a matter of heaven or earth. The humble is high, and there is no nobleness, but the noble has been bitten. There are often movements, but there is no rigid and soft, and rigid and soft have broken. As a matter of fact, the group gathers in groups and divides them into groups. It is not easy to be frightened, and the good and bad have been born. In the image of heaven, there is no change in the shape of the earth, and the change has been seen. The sage's easiness, but it's written like an image, and it's not organized. Confucius made this article because of Fuxi's plan of circularity, yin and yang, one by one, yin and yang, and Yang and yin.

* "The name of the nickname...Easy Chinese" is written in the original text.

Because of this, it is hard and soft, and the gossip fluctuates. The sun and the moon are running and it is a cold and a sunny day. Road into a male, kundao into a woman. Knowing the beginning, Kun made.

The gossip of heaven and earth is made up of the words of heaven, earth, water, fire, thunder, wind, and wind. The non-dry ups and shocks are away from Kun, but if the old note is a two-phase mosque and the four-phase mop is an eight, then the men and women in the sun and the moon will not be able to speak. . The gossip person is a rigid and soft body. The rigid and soft person is a gossip. The general is rigid and soft and is divided into gossip. The mortals are matched by the two instruments. However, the atmosphere between the two, sympathetic, and then fertile. The masculine person is a man, and the yin qi is a woman. However, a man is a main road, and the men and women are all affected by it. The woman who is born is born of men and women. All Kun to become one. In other words, men and women will do their work, but when they are combined, they will begin and end in Kun. Knowing that this matter is also known, the author can do this. Covering unfinished things, nothing is created, so the words and deeds are known; Doing nothing and knowing nothing, Kun can only make things and don't have anything to do, so it is easy and simple. The knowledge of mortals is that qi is the soul. Therefore, with his knowledge, Kun can speak well. The meaning of the grandeur is totally meaningless. He is born and raised, and has a life-long water. The heart of two fires is the heart. Three trees are the liver, four of them are the lungs, five of the earth are the spleen, and one of the bones and visors is fully prepared. Alas, the cover is not the beginning but also the beginning.

This is a statement of the prevalence of the yin and yang of heaven and earth. All things in heaven and earth are to be treated. Therefore, there is nothing but softness and gossip, and the phase of turbulentness is boundless. Then the thunderstorms, wind and rain, and the sun, the moon, the summer and the heat, and the movements and exchanges of gas and air, and the men and women are in harmony. Therefore, the only thing known by those who do it is that the one who Kun can only achieve. If you don't do anything, you can't become the end of Kun; if you don't have Kun, you can't do it. Only by knowing that you can accept it, you can receive it. Confucius said that because of Wang Wenyuan's plan, the emperor came out of the earthquake, became a monk, but also the king of the preface, the yin confluence was almost Yang, and the yang was almost yin, so this article was issued.

With easy-to-know, Kun is simple. Easy to know, easy to follow. It is easy to know that you have pro, and that you have merit. Some parents may be long, and others may have great merit. For a long time, the virtues of the wise man can be as great as the wise man. The principle of easy conciseness and the best of the world can be attained.

The easy-to-know who comes at will and the creatures do not stagnate. This is the conscience of good fortune, and there is no one who knows what it is. Those who are simple performers are those who follow the heavens and do not act on their own. This is the goodness of creation, and there is no one who has nothing to do with it. The person who covered the beginnings and became the clerk of heaven and earth was the office of heaven and earth. He also made it difficult for the wicked to perform hard. However, because of its conscience, it is not difficult to find things. However, Jane is a good creature of nature. Therefore, it is not annoying. People are born in the heavens and the earth, and their nature is divided into heaven and heaven. For the good and the good, the heavens are as easy as the heavens, and the dangers are unknowable. This is the same place as the earth, but it is not the same as the earth. People want private ears. Therefore, it is easy to know, easy to understand, and easy to know. I easily know about this unselfishness. Also, I easily care about this unselfishness, and non-humans know from others. The easy word is easy and easy.

In this one, the words are made into a position that is similar to the one in which one speaks. Kun can only become a thing, is Kun to Jane. What people know is easy to do, what they know is intrinsic to nature, and it is not easy to know without the hardship of a human desire. What human beings can do, such as Kun Jian, are those who are able to do what they do, and there is no one who wants to be confused. Easy to know that this theory is in my heart, often contact the pro-bearing, not separated from the separation, so there are pro. Easy to follow the example of this practice in my own body, often accumulate months, there is no wasteland, so there is merit. There are pro-days that are new and endless. If you have great merit, you can do so. For a long time, the virtues of the wise men and their days are long. The sage's business can be as big as it is. The husband took advantage of the principle of simplicity and the world, and the virtues of the wise man are heaven and earth. The heart of my heart is also easy. The earth is simple. My body is also Jane. Hey. Yi Zhongsancai became its six people. Reasonably attained a position, that is, the meaning of neutrality, heavenly status, and all-round physical education. Sages are saints, and they are three with heaven and earth, not saints.

The first chapter of the right

This chapter is one of the most respected places in the world. Rigid and soft phase one, saying popular use. If one is easy to know, one will be in the world. In the middle of a position, the body of the heavens and the earth is written in the form of an easy person. The three articles, the reasons for Confucius' original reason, have not been said to be easy to go. To the second chapter, it is easy to look at the sights and dialects.